Abstract
The Disgust Scale has been designed to measure disgust propensity—the individual ease in experiencing disgust. The present study aimed to explore the validity, reliability, the factor structure, and the measurement invariance of the Greek version of the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R). A sample of 754 healthy participants completed the Greek version of the DS-R. A subset (n = 363) also completed the revised Symptom checked list and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, in order to examine the concurrent validity. Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analyses in different subsets were used to examine the factor structure. Multiple indicators–multiple causes model (MIMIC) models were used to assess the measurement invariance across gender and age. Demographic influences were assessed using t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlations. Exploratory factor analysis concluded to two and three factor models, with a factor structure similar to the ones proposed in the literature. Confirmatory factor analysis and bi-factor analysis provided evidence in favor of the three-factor solution. Measurement invariance test revealed differences in six items across gender, and three items across age. The psychometric properties of the factors were satisfactory. Demographic influences on the responses were present, especially with respect to gender. The Greek version of the DS-R demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties, making it suitable for use for the Greek population.
Highlights
Disgust is a basic emotion [1] that can be identified across cultures [2,3]
The Olatunji et al [26] 3-factor model was replicated in our data to a satisfactory extent, but we further investigated the dimensionality of the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R), using CFA, in the second sample
The present study showed satisfactory psychometric properties for the Greek version of the Disgust Scale (DS)-R, making it suitable for use in the Greek population, for both clinical and research work
Summary
Disgust is a basic emotion [1] that can be identified across cultures [2,3]. At first, disgust was associated with the repulsive feeling caused by the prospect of oral incorporation of an offensive object, such as rotten food or body waste products [3]. As a basic emotion, has a distinct facial expression, which consists of three main components, the gape, the retraction of the upper lip, and the nose wrinkle [7]. It is accompanied with specific physiological reaction (nausea), subjective feeling state (revulsion), and a behavioral response (keeping distance from the object of disgust) [3]. Recent neuroimaging studies suggest that the anterior insula is associated with the emotion of disgust as it was activated during the exposure of healthy participants to disgust relevant stimuli [8,9,10]
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