Psychometric Evidence of the Self-Care Actions Scale Focusing on Basic Activities of Daily Living for Elderly People

Abstract

Introduction: Basic Activities of Daily Living are indicators of functionality and physical independence and are part of the functional capacity of elderly people. Objectives: to interpret the psychometric properties of the Self-Care Actions Scale with Focus on Basic Activities of Daily Living (EACAC-ABVD). Methods: This was a methodological, descriptive and analytical study. The sample consisted of 1200 participants, of both sexes, aged 70 or over, living in cities in the south of the state of Minas Gerais. The instruments used were: Instrument to characterize the basic conditioning factors of elderly people; Self-Care Actions Scale with Focus on Basic Activities of Daily Living (EACAC-ABVD) and Scale to Assess Self-Care Capabilities (EACAC). Results: EACAC-ABVD consisted of 25 items and four domains: 1) Personal hygiene activities (Cronbach's α = 0.968); 2) Eating and oral hygiene activities (Cronbach's α = 0.924); 3) Movement activities (Cronbach's α = 0.882) and 4- Personal appearance activities (Cronbach's α = 0.717). The convergent validity performed between the EACAC-ABVD and the EACAC presented: 1- (r = 0.275 and p: <0.001); 2- (r = 0.225 and p: <0.001); 3- (r = 0.196 and p: <0.001); 4) (r = 0.106 and p: <0.001) and total (r = 0.203 and p: <0.001). Discriminant validity: EACAC-ABVD with age group (p: <0.001) and education (p: <0.001). Conclusion: The EACAC-ABVD demonstrated reliability and validity appropriate for research and nursing care