Psychology Education Reform and Quality Cultivation of College Music Major From the Perspective of Entrepreneurship Education.

Entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities influences college students’ entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, but previous studies have approached entrepreneurship education as a whole to obscure the relational mechanisms between the three. On the basis of the classification framework of theoretical and practical entrepreneurship education, the interactive relationships between lecture reports, entrepreneurship courses, entrepreneurship competitions, entrepreneurship training, and entrepreneurship practica and entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial self-efficacy among college students were analyzed. Analysis through structural equation modeling indicates that: Theoretical entrepreneurship education not only directly influences entrepreneurial intention among college students, but also indirectly influences entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial self-efficacy; practical entrepreneurship education only indirectly influences entrepreneurial intention among college students through entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The influencing effect of theoretical entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention among college students is greater than that of practical entrepreneurship education, and furthermore, entrepreneurship courses have the largest influencing effect on entrepreneurial intention among college students. More importantly, relative to the direct effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention among college students, the indirect effect produced on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial self-efficacy is greater.

The close relationship between music cultural inheritance and the development of college music education is that the music education would guarantee the social value and impetus to music culture.Based on the analyses on the connotations of music culture and education, this paper pointed out the correlation between music cultural inheritance and college music education to explore the development routes which includes reforming curriculum to have diversified education, improving music cultural ideology to arouse the enthusiasm of learning and optimizing the faculty to carry forward orthodox music culture. Connotations of music culture and music education

Although the influence of pop music is huge and the emergence of pop music talents is also increasing, its education has great problems. Moreover, both theoretical research and professional discipline construction are still very backward. In order to improve the efficiency of music teaching in colleges and universities, this paper applies the information system optimization algorithm to the intelligent analysis of music education in colleges and universities, selects the appropriate method for music information processing, and builds the music education system in colleges and universities on this basis. At the same time, this paper compiles a music system questionnaire for the two main groups (teachers and students) who use the music system to understand the needs of teachers and students for the music system. Then, this paper analyzes the feasibility of the system, constructs an intelligent music education system in colleges and universities, and verifies the effect of the system in combination with experiments. In addition, this paper evaluates the music information processing and educational effect of the system in combination with the actual situation and counts the test results. The test results verify the reliability of the system in this paper.

Based on the value of Zhang Jian's spirit in the field of innovation and entrepreneurship, from the perspective of innovative and entrepreneurial talents training in colleges and universities, starting from the connotations of Zhang Jian's spirit, such as "learning must be used for application, application must be suitable for use", "hard work and self-reliance", etc. The boundary exchange of entrepreneurial talent training in colleges and universities. On the basis of analyzing the relationship between Zhang Jian's entrepreneurship and innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, this paper deeply analyzes the weak links of entrepreneurial talent training in colleges and universities and entrepreneurship and innovation education in colleges and universities, clarifies the value of Zhang Jian's spirit to the cultivation of entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities, and explores the cultivation of entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities in the future. The extension of the spirit of Zhongzhangjian, to build a new concept of cultivating entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities, to deliver outstanding talents for local economic construction, and to give play to the important role and role of colleges and universities in local economic development.

Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and universities is a profound reform of China's higher education paradigm. Which is a necessary choice for Chinese universities to break through the traditional educational model. It is an important measure to cultivate college students' entrepreneurial consciousness, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ability. On the whole, entrepreneurship education in China is still in the stage of exploration and rapid development. It is great practical significance and theoretical value to clarify the relationship between the entrepreneurship education quality and entrepreneurial intention. Based on this, this paper takes the social sciences, engineering and science students as the research object, and empirically explores the relationship among the entrepreneurship education quality, entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. We find that: (1) the quality of entrepreneurship education will positively affect entrepreneurial intention, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays as an intermediary role; (2) the relationship between the quality of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial self-efficacy will be affected by the adjustment of entrepreneurial orientation, the stronger the level of entrepreneurial orientation, the stronger the positive relationship between the entrepreneurship education quality and entrepreneurial self-efficacy; (3) the stronger the level of entrepreneurial orientation, the stronger the mediating effect between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intenti.

INDIVIDUAL TRAITS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY AND NEED FOR COGNITION By Chao Miao, Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Business at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2015 Major Director: Ronald H. Humphrey, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Management The field of entrepreneurship is rapidly advancing and matures as a discipline that receives substantial amount of attention. One popular area of research in the discipline of entrepreneurship is to investigate one’s intent to start a business, which is entrepreneurial intention. This is an important construct that warrants ongoing research because entrepreneurial intention is not only a great predictor of entrepreneurial behavior but also an important step in the process of becoming an entrepreneur. The present study, based on a sample of 321 subjects along with 264 observers, makes five contributions to the entrepreneurship literature. First, I examined the psychometric property of entrepreneurial take-over intention and found that it is a construct different from entrepreneurial start-up intention. Second, the results demonstrated that risk propensity and proactive personality are positive predictors of entrepreneurial start-up and take-over intentions, whereas cognitive ability is a negative predictor of entrepreneurial start-up ix and take-over intentions. Rebelliousness is a positive predictor of entrepreneurial take-over intention and also has an inverted U-shaped relationship with entrepreneurial take-over intention. Third, entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediates the relationship between three individual traits (i.e., emotional intelligence, risk propensity, and proactive personality) and entrepreneurial start-up and take-over intentions. Need for cognition mediates the relationship between two individual traits (i.e., cognitive ability and proactive personality) and entrepreneurial start-up intention. Fourth, 2D:4D ratio (a proxy measure for prenatal testosterone exposure level) negatively predicts risk propensity. There also exist two two-step mediations from 2D:4D ratio to both entrepreneurial start-up and take-over intentions through risk propensity and entrepreneurial selfefficacy. Fifth, the results suggest that observer ratings of individual traits only contribute modest incremental validity above and beyond self-reported ratings of them in predicting entrepreneurial start-up and take-over intentions. I discuss implications, limitations, and future directions informed by the present study.

Recently, to decrease high youth unemployment rate and promote sustained economic growth through creating new jobs in China. Various types of entrepreneurship education have been taking place in Chinese university due to governmental policy support and the number of entrepreneurship education in Chinese university has increased in quantity and the interest in realistic entrepreneurship education and improvement measures has been increasing. In this context, this study is to learn if and how entrepreneurship education carrying out in Chinese university influence entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intention of potential entrepreneur in many ways. For this purpose, a research model and hypotheses are developed based on the relevant literature reviews. Data have been collected from university students who have completed entrepreneurship education in China and the empirical findings were tested by structural equation modeling analysis. The empirical findings are as follows: First, entrepreneurship education has not a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention, but a positive effect on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship. Second, flow entrepreneurial self-efficacy has a positive effect on entrepreneurship. Third, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention respectively. Finally, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship have a mediating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention. Based on the results, this study a few significant implications having meaningful to Chinese entrepreneurship education, is expected to have contribution to the successful promoting entrepreneurial intention of potential entrepreneur in China.

With the expansion of cultural globalization in modern times, some Western countries, under their strong military and economic strength, have implemented cultural hegemony employing cultural export and cultural penetration. For example, music education in Chinese universities has been influenced by the hegemonic culture; even more, the music education model in China has been totally Westernized which has caused a huge impact on the ideology, music culture view, and music knowledge system of music majors in universities, and directly led to the students’ misjudgment of the value of Chinese traditional music. This paper discusses and analyzes the macro policy, management mode, curriculum, and selection of teaching materials of the existing music education system in Chinese universities to point out the shortcomings of this system and the consequences of allowing the shortcomings to develop; discusses the relationship between professional music education in Chinese universities and social music culture, the role of education in the transmission of traditional music culture, and how to deal with issues such as the relationship between multiculturalism and traditional music culture. This paper will also explore how to integrate traditional music culture into existing music education from the theoretical level, explain the theoretical and practical foundation for constructing a new teaching management model, propose curriculum standards, course nature, ideas, and thoughts for building a traditional music education system in universities, and make practical suggestions for teaching and inheriting traditional music culture based on practice and theory.

Entrepreneurship in many countries is recognized as a driving factor for economic growth. The trend regarding the importance of entrepreneurship in triggering development and economic change in a country shows an increasing trend. Although many experts have highlighted the vital role of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions, until now, there has been no clarity on the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial tendencies because of different research findings among experts. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the role of entrepreneurship education factors, curriculum, lecturer competence, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and creative self-efficacy on students' entrepreneurial intentions. This study involved university students in Indonesia and Vietnam to express their perceptions of entrepreneurship education, curriculum, lecturer competence, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, creative self-efficacy, and students' entrepreneurial intentions. Data analysis used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS software. This study's findings indicate that entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial self-efficacy directly influence students' entrepreneurial intentions. Other predictors, such as curriculum relevance, lecturer competence, and creative self-efficacy, have not been shown to influence students' entrepreneurial intentions directly. Another finding is that entrepreneurship education indirectly affects entrepreneurial intention through students' entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Similar results also showed that self-efficacy successfully mediated the influence of lecturer competence on students' entrepreneurial intention.

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Entrepreneurship education interventions are deemed effective when they enhance interns’ entrepreneurial intent (EI) and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE). Notwithstanding the emergence of internship as an experiential learning approach in entrepreneurship education, evidence about their potential to foster EI and ESE lacks systemisation.</p><p><strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study was to determine whether internships enhance EI and ESE. Furthermore, to what extent South African tertiary institutions include internships in their entrepreneurship and management curricula and the obstacles to such inclusion.</p><p><strong>Setting:</strong> South Africa has made a concerted effort to insert an entrepreneurship component across tertiary curricula. The evolution of this entrepreneurship component to experiential learning approaches is, however, unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A qualitative research approach was followed. Firstly, it reviewed empirical evidence for the positive relationship between internships and EI and ESE. Secondly, it conducted a survey of entrepreneurship and business management programmes at all 23 South African tertiary institutions and content analysed the retrieved information to determine whether such programmes include internships. Finally, 10 experts were interviewed to unveil the constraints inhibiting the inclusion of internships in tertiary curricula.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The results revealed empirical support for the positive influence of internships on both EI and ESE. Significant lack of inclusion of internships in tertiary curricula in South Africa emerged, owing mainly to administrative issues, curriculum re-design challenges, and lack of mentoring capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Tertiary-level entrepreneurship education programmes should include an internship component. The paper suggested that tertiary institutions pilot-test the inclusion of internships with a small number of students and a selected cohort of small business owners.</p>

<p>Family and education have often been studied by numerous researchers as the factors of entrepreneurs’ creation. The research discusses the influence of background of family and education in entrepreneurship on the entrepreneurial self-efficacy in shaping the entrepreneurial intention among Chinese Indonesian Gen Z. Through the application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this research employed quantitative method design. This current study uses Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis of 202 individuals. The finding indicates that Family Background and Entrepreneurship Education affect Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy mediates the relationship between Family Background and Entrepreneurship Education in Entrepreneurial Intention. However, Family Background and Entrepreneurship Education do not have direct influences on Entrepreneurial Intention. Based on the finding, it can be determined that Family Background and Entrepreneurship Education will stimulate a high Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy which leads to Entrepreneurial Intention. Thus, this study suggests the stakeholder in education in Indonesia create an entrepreneurship-based system in the education curriculum to equip students with knowledge of entrepreneurship and develop the skills not only to discover the business opportunity, but also to create a sustainable one, and at the same time encouraging them to have self-confident in their capability in becoming thriving entrepreneurs. While the finding on Family Background signify that entrepreneurs are nurture, not nature since they need to be stimulated along with Entrepreneurship Education and Self-Efficacy. The limitation of this study lies in the size of the sample, thus future research is recommended to take a larger sample to get more representable data to envisage the Entrepreneurial Intention. This study provides an insight into the Entrepreneurial Intention among Chinese Indonesian Gen Z which has never been investigated in the past. Additionally, it contributes the empirical evidence of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy role in transforming Family Background and Entrepreneurship Education into Entrepreneurial Intention.</p>

This study aims to explore effective ways to improve college students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions through entrepreneurship education. The survey used a random sample of 804 college students in Zhejiang Province, China. The results show that: (1) In terms of the characteristics of entrepreneurial intention, there are significant differences in gender, entrepreneurial experience, entrepreneurial competition experience, and family background of self-employment. (2) There are significant differences in the characteristics of entrepreneurship education in gender, entrepreneurial competition experience, and the family background of self-employment. (3) In the relationship among entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurship education is significantly and positively related to entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is significantly and positively associated with entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a complete mediating role between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy also has a suppressing effect on the relationship between the two. (4) Entrepreneurial competition experience moderates the second half of the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Finally, the study offers several proposals for the teaching practice of entrepreneurship education.

In colleges and universities music education system, strengthen the inherit and carry forward the Chinese traditional music, from the point of view of the school, are beneficial to improve college music education quality and effectiveness, to help colleges and universities music education better and the combination of Chinese traditional music teaching, also help colleges and universities music education to fully absorb the cultural charm of Chinese traditional music and national music elements, enrich the college music education content and education resources, and further promote the college music education and the common development of the Chinese traditional music. From the perspective of students, inheriting traditional Chinese music in the music education system in colleges and universities is conducive to enhancing students' profound understanding of the theoretical knowledge of traditional Chinese music, enabling students to better feel the cultural charm and national connotation of traditional music, and solving the problem of disconnection that appeared in the process of students learning music with the development of traditional music culture.

At present, music education in colleges is in a period of rapid development in China. At the same time, music education in universities is facing innovation and reform of teaching modes. How to improve music education in colleges and universities has become an important issue for music teachers in colleges. Music teaching and management activities for students in general universities can enrich students’ talents and expand their knowledge. It can also help them develop a positive emotional psychology and develop positive and healthy character characteristics, both of which are vital for college students’ healthy development. Innovation and modification in music teaching and management activities for students is the only way to increase the quality and effectiveness of music teaching for nonarts students and to promote the overall quality of students. Based on this, this paper proposes an innovative research method of college music teaching based on artificial intelligence technology. The method introduces a fuzzy evaluation algorithm to establish a two-level teaching evaluation index system and calculates the weights of each index based on fuzzy mathematical theory. In data processing, the SVM algorithm in the field of data mining is used to classify all collected teaching evaluation data in advance through supervised learning, which significantly improves the efficiency of data processing. The experimental results show that the model in this paper can well assess the quality of music teaching in colleges and universities and play a role in promoting the progress of music teaching in colleges and universities.

The present study aims to examine effective measures to enhance the effects of entrepreneurship education (EE) on university students’ entrepreneurial intention (EI) through entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and grit. The survey used a convenient sample of 758 tourism and hotel management students in China. SPSS macro program PROCESS (Model 4) was used to test the mediating effect, and PROCESS (Model 7) was further used to verify the moderated mediation model. The results indicated that: (1) there was statistically significant and positive relationship among EE, ESE, grit, and EI among tourism and hotel management students; (2) EE significantly and positively predicted EI; (3) ESE played a partial mediating role in the link between EE and EI; (4) grit moderated the indirect effect of EE on students’ EI via their ESE. EE is a significant predictor of EI of tourism and hotel management students. Particularly, to improve the influence of EE, entrepreneurial policy makers should design incentive policies that ensure that universities provide EE across various majors. Also, educators should create a supportive and effective education environment so as to improve students’ ESE and grit.