Psychological problems of teaching and developing students' thinking in the information society

Abstract

In the article it is justified the relevance and necessity in the learning process of pupils in the conditions of information society to develop not only their personal qualities, but thinking which is a significant factor, determining the process of improving the system of continuous education of a person in XXI century. As early as in the 70s of XX century the Russian philosopher and psychologist Davydov V. V. emphasized that in the rapidly developing society the classical pedagogy in its current variant aims at constant expansion of the information volume of curricula that will eventually lead to a crisis of education, falling level of education, as pupils will not be able qualitatively to master the whole volume of knowledge during the period of study at school.
 The idea of way out of this situation was formulated by Davydov V. V. It lies in the fact to “teach a child to learn independently”. It means that it is important to convert a child from trainee into “learner”, i.e. “being able to teach yourself”, to make “subject of his own education”. It is appropriate in the primary school to form pupils’ ability to independent theoretical knowledge, to develop their theoretical thinking.
 If during the teaching process the pupils have not formed conceptual thinking, then children’s unconsciousness of own intellectual operations and inability of their voluntary use are kept. Memorized the rules and formulas, a child does not see their field of application, he is not able to use them, he has difficulty with transferring of intellectual skills into similar situations, he does not notice illogicality of own wrong conclusions, contradictions in the statements.
 In the article it is particularly emphasized that the main purpose of general secondary education in the information society is to teach the pupils to think. Educational process has to promote development of conceptual thinking which is formed only by studying sciences, i.e. through the development of objective laws of the surrounding world.