Pseudo-three component reaction of indole with benzaldehyde derivatives for the preparation of bis(indolyl)methanes in the presence of nano-CuO-CeO2

Abstract

In this research study, a nano-CuO-CeO2 catalyzed environmentally benign strategy for the preparation of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives via the three-component reaction between indoles and aldehyde in aqueous media under reflux conditions in excellent yields was established. The structure of the prepared compounds was confirmed using IR, 1H-NMR. The elemental analysis and morphology of the catalyst was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that this synthetic reaction is very simple and bis(indolyl)methane derivatives produced with good yields compared to other articles. The advantages of this method include catalyst recovery, high efficiency, and easy operation method. The highest efficiency (96%) in a short time (15 min) was obtained, which is very important compared to other previous methods presented.