Abstract
We study the macroscopic constitutive behaviors of helical strands under tensile loading. First, we derive the equilibrium solution of the strands based on generalized Kirchhoff model. In the formulation, we take into account the radial contact in three-dimensional space and the intrinsic twist of each wire. Then, we examine the effects of microscopic geometrical factors such as helical angle and the intrinsic twist of the wire on the macroscopic constitutive behaviors of 1+n strands under tensile loading.
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