PS-C13-1: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Abstract

Introduction: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major target organ impairment in hypertensive patients, LVH is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. The objective of our work is to detect and analyze the factors associated with electrical left ventricular hypertrophy in asymptomatic hypertensive patients. Method: Prospective study of a cohort of asymptomatic hypertensive patients, aged over 35, seen in consultation. All patients had undergone a 12 lead ECG examination looking for left ventricular hypertrophy defined by Sokolow Lyon index > 3.5 mV and/or RaVL> 1.1 mV and/or Cornell voltage duration product > 244 mV ms Results: 263 patients evaluated during the study period, 151 women or 57% and 112 men or 43%, the average age of the population is 59.78 years ± 10.67 [36 to 87 years]. Left ventricular hypertrophy is observed in 52 patients, i.e. 19.7% of asymptomatic hypertensives. These are 31 women (20.3% of women) and 21 men (18.75% of men). The analysis of the subgroups finds a high prevalence of electrical LVH between 45 and 55 years and between 55 and 65 years with ORs at 7.80 [0.97, 62.37] p = 0.0528 and at 7.76 [0.99, 60.82] p = 0.0511. Regarding the blood pressure profile, LVH is strongly associated with systolic blood pressure levels. The analysis of the subgroups of the seniority of hypertension finds an increase in the OR to 2.95 in the group of 1 to 5 years of seniority with significant p at 0.02. After the multivariate analysis, the two independent risk factors associated with the development of electrical left ventricular hypertrophy are: Systolic Blood Pressure level between 140 and 179 mmHg and Total Cholesterol level greater than 2 g/l. The p is very significant (0.016 and 0.025 respectively) Conclusion: LVH is common in our series, it affects 19.7% of our asymptomatic hypertensive patients. The most affected age group is from 45 to 65 years old whose seniority from the time of diagnosis is less than 5 years. The two factors associated with LVH are systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol level. In the light of these results, the prevention of LVH must associate; Early screening by ECG at the time of diagnosis and during the first 5 years, management of hypertension with a target SBP of less than 140 and a cholesterol level of less than 2 g/l