Abstract
ObjectiveThe POLYPOLLEN study provides documentation of the diversity of pollen allergies by describing the pollen allergies requiring sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) using allergens prepared specially for a named individual (APSI) in France. MethodsThis multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in patients consulting between September 2019 and May 2021 and initiating SLIT with pollen APSI. Each investigator was required to include the same number of patients with frequent pollen allergy and patients with less frequent pollen allergy (predetermined list). ResultsThe cohort of 1,018 patients included 52.1% of women, of mean age 30.2±16.5 years, from all regions of metropolitan France. On treatment initiation, 29% of patients had a history of asthma. In all, 40.6% (n=413) of patients presented with a clinically relevant mono-pollen allergy and 59.4% (n=605) presented with a poly-allergy to at least two pollen allergens. The pollen allergies described were (total cohort/mono-allergic patients only): poaceae (grasses) (62.8%/17.3%), betulaceae (birch) (32.5%/7.6%), cupressaceae (cypress) (15.7%/6.0%), olive tree (15.7%/1.7%), ash tree (14.8%/1.3%), ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) (12.0%/1.2%), ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) (9.3%/2.7%), common mugwort (Artemesia vulgaris) (4.9%/0.6%), wall pellitory (Parietaria officinalis) (4.6%/1.4%) and hybrid plane (3.8%/1.0%). ConclusionThe POLYPOLLEN French study shows there are mainly ten pollens for which it is necessary to have allergen immunotherapy. It highlights the severity of the allergic phenotypes induced by ragweed and cupressaceae and highlights the frequency of co-allergy to oleaceae. It provides new documentation on allergies induced by infrequent pollens and shows the regional disparities of pollen exposure. It testifies to the importance of combining clinical experience and aeropalynology data in order to refine the management of patients allergic to pollens.
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