Dynamics of class E and G immunoglobulins under the influence of combined allergen-specific immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis with combined sensitization to pollen and household allergens

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the dynamics of immunoglobulin E and G under the influence of combined allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis with combined sensitization to pollen and household allergens. Materials and methods: The study involved 49 patients, residents of Dnipro city, of working age (35,5±1,5 years), of whom 24 (49,0%) - women and 25 (51,0%) - men. All patients were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis with average disease duration of 9,2 ±1,1 year, who underwent allergy examination - skin tests - prick test with pollen and household allergens and/or methods of allergy component diagnosis ALEX. The number of pollen allergens in one patient was 4,6±0,4 on average. All patients received one course of pre-season ASIT allergen according to the express scheme. Patients in the main group (31 patients) received a combined ASIT with solutions of pollen and household allergens. 18 patients in the comparison group received ASIT only with pollen allergens. Clinical groups were homogeneous in age, sex, duration of the disease, as well as the average number of pollen allergens. Results: The obtained results and their analysis show that the use of allergen-specific combination immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis with combined sensitization to pollen allergens causes a more significant effect on the activation of the immune response, which was revealed by reduced relative to baseline lgE production by 41,9% (p<0,001) and an increase in lgG by 7,5% (p<0,05). The production of total serum in patients with allergic rhinitis before treatment and under the influence of ASIT was the opposite to the dynamics of lgG production. The positive results of immunological studies convincingly prove the benefits and effectiveness of allergen-specific combination immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis with combined sensitization to pollen and household allergens.