Abstract
Integrated environmental protection in the use of steam jet vacuum pumps. At the „cold end” of many processes occurring under vacuum various amounts of water vapour and process steam have to be removed, together with various permanent gases, from the plant at process pressure to atmospheric pressure. The vacuum pump systems required are practically all designed to strictly separate process medium and coolant, to keep the atmospheric burden as low as possible, and also to minimise the work of compression from the point of view of overall operating costs. Thanks to their special features, steam-driven jet pumps used in conjunction with water-cooled condensers still represent a straightforward and reliable form of vacuum system. Reduction of the intermediate condenser pressure, separation of coolant and process steam, and coupling with water-ring vacuum pumps have led to combinations satisfying practically all demands with regard to good energy conversion and best possible environmental protection. In addition, process-steam driven multistage jet pumps in which condensation of working and suction steam is effected directly by cooled process fluid have also proved of value. They operate in essentially closed circulation from which only a modest flow of waste gases and heat enters the environment.
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