Prototype of a structure with variations in the angle of inclination for photovoltaic panels

Abstract

One of the most critical parameters for the capture of solar radiation is the angle of inclination of the surface and its contribution to optimization to maximize the amount of solar irradiation received. Numerous methods have been used worldwide to determine the angle of inclination. Unfortunately, many of these models are for fixed angles, which do not adapt to the sun's position during the year, resulting in the loss of essential amounts of irradiation that could be used. This work presents the methodology for developing a structure for photovoltaic (PV) panels fixed to the floor, which includes variations in the angle of inclination. The goal is to maximize the solar energy gain (energy per square meter) the panel receives over a year by making monthly tilt angle adjustments. The inclination angles are calculated for a structure, which will be placed in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico. The monthly angle of the prototype can have positive and negative values (tropical region); the maximum is 41.19° for December, and the minimum is - 4.95°, corresponding to June. The study can be applied to build a similar structure, with related variations in the angle of inclination, to work in any city, as long as information from the city in question is