Abstract
Solid oxides that show proton conduction at elevated temperatures may be useful materials for many applications, such as hydrogen sensors, fuel cells etc. These materials contain no structural protons and only become proton conductors if some cations are ion exchanged with H3O+ or NH 4 + or hydrogen and/or water vapour is dissolved in the oxides according to the relationships derived by Wagner. The several basic mechanisms whereby mobile protons can be introduced into oxides, and the properties of a number of examples are discussed.
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