Abstract
Pleurae are the two layers of serous membranes that line the lungs, mediastinum, diaphragm and chest wall. Pleural cavity is the space between both membranes. Pleural effusion is a buildup of fluid in the pleural space. Clinical history and physical examination are the basis in the evaluation of pleural effusion. Complementary tests are required to diagnosis. Treatment varies with symptomatology (dyspnea), etiology (hemodynamic, infectious, or inflammatory), and pleural fluid characteristics.
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