Abstract

Advances in oncological treatment, immunosuppressive therapies for preventing graft versus host disease, and the widespread use of therapies with biological or immunomodulating drugs has led to an increase in the immunocompromised population in recent years. Severe respiratory infections are the main cause of ICU admission in immunocompromised patients. In regard to the diagnostic approach, the time since onset of the lung disease, the extension of immunosuppression, and radiological patterns will be considered. The development of nucleic acid detection techniques and their application in these patients improves diagnostic sensitivity. It is very important to start empirical treatment as soon as possible in these patients, provided that it is possible after collecting samples.

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