Abstract
This clinical protocol addresses the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes during pregnancy, distinguishing between pregestational diabetes and gestational diabetes (GD). GD occurs when pancreatic beta cell function is insufficient to overcome the inherent insulin resistance of pregnancy. Universal screening is recommended between 24–28 weeks of gestation using two strategies: a one-step strategy (75g of glucose) or a two-step strategy (50g of glucose followed by 100g if the first test is abnormal). Management includes capillary glucose monitoring, diet, and exercise as well as insulin treatment if necessary. Patients should be screened for metabolic abnormalities 4–12 weeks after delivery.
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