Abstract
The diagnostic tests for H. pylori detection are classified as non-invasive (C13-urea breath test, serology, and stool antigen test) and invasive (endoscopic study). The choice of the ideal technique will depend on the need to assess the gastric mucosa. The breath test is the non-invasive technique of choice in adult patients. Treatment will not be necessary in all patients in whom H. pylori infection is detected; it will only be necessary in certain situations. Treatment regimens may vary, but quadruple therapy (3 antibiotics or 2 antibiotics plus bismuth) is currently recommended, as well as proton-pump inhibitors in long regimens of 10 or 14 days. Treatment of recurrent or refractory H. pylori infection can be a clinical challenge. It is essential to adapt the protocol to each patient's clinical situation, taking into account antibiotic resistance and other individual factors.
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