Abstract
Vertigo is an illusion of movement caused by the dysfunction of the vestibular system. Management of the patient with vertigo is a challenge for the primary care physician (PCP), because of being a frequent complaint and is often difficult to differentiate, by the patient explanations, if we are faced with a patient with vertigo or a patient with other symptoms such as: dizziness, imbalance or presyncope. Although most of the times is due to a non-serious disease may be a life-threatening condition. It has significant social and economic impact. If we consider that more than half of patients with dizziness/vertigo are managed clinically in primary care it is essential that PCP know the main clinical entities, and be able to perform a correct anamnesis and clinical examination of the patient, as well as main treatment options available. All this should allow PCP to render adequate care to the patient and appropriate referral to specialized care. In this chapter main causes of vertigo are reviewed with emphasis in their differential diagnosis, while diagnostic algorithms for patients with dizziness and vertigo are offered.
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