Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of CNS having an autoimmune etiology. It appears in young patients. The neurologic symptomatology is variable, usually with sub-acute presentation. The most common onset forms are: optic neuritis, incomplete myelitis and brainstem syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), using well-defined radiological criteria, is a useful diagnosis tool: it provides evidence for dissemination in space and time of demyelinating lesions and has modified classical diagnostic criteria. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is useful in diagnostic confirmation (confirms the intrathecal synthesis of IgG and detects a pattern of oligoclonal bands). Evoked potentials detect nerve conduction disturbances and are useful in identifying clinically silent lesions. Differential diagnosis of MS must be performed with those conditions that may be confused with MS.
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