Abstract
IntroductionHemolytic anemia's (HA) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis). Pathogenesis. Clinical manifestationsThe HA can be congenital or acquired. Congenital HA are the consequence of genetic disorders that result in defects in red cell membrane, the enzymes that regulate its metabolism, or hemoglobin. The acquired HA can have an immune cause. The hemolytic clinical syndrome is characterized by anemia, jaundice and splenomegaly. DiagnosisThe diagnosis of HA is based on a careful clinical history, with emphasis on family antecedents, physical examination to recognize the hemolytic syndrome, and the typical laboratory findings with regenerative anemia, increased indirect bilirubin and decreased haptoglobin in blood. In the etiologic diagnosis a Coombs test and the morphological study of peripheral blood smear by an expert hematologist are essential. The presence of schistocytes suggests the diagnosis of Microangiopathic HA that requires urgent treatment.
Published Version
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