Abstract
Dysphagia is a common symptom whose prevalence increases with age. It has a negative impact on quality of life. A patient with dysphagia must always be studied to determine the cause of the dysphagia. Two types of dysphagia can be defined according to their etiology and are closely associated with the phase of swallowing that is affected: oropharyngeal dysphagia and esophageal dysphagia. In both cases, it may be due to organic or functional causes. A case history and physical examination allow for determining the cause in 80% of cases. A gastroscopy and esophagogram are enough to confirm the initial clinical suspicion in many cases. More complex tests such as neurological tests, videoradiology, computed tomography, manometry, or a pH meter test will be required only in some cases. In cases of oropharyngeal dysphagia, it is as important to study the cause as it is to perform a correct evaluation of bronchoaspiration risk.
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