Abstract
This article illustrates a data acquisition methodological process based on Structure from Motion (SfM) processing confronted with terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and integrated into a Historic Building Information Model (HBIM) for architectural Heritage’s management. This process was developed for the documentation of Cáceres’ Almohad wall bordering areas, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The case study’s aim was the analysis, management and control of a large urban area where the urban growth had absorbed the wall, making it physically inaccessible. The methodology applied was the combination of: clouds and meshes obtained by SfM; with images acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Single Lens Reflex (SLR) and terrestrial photogrammetry; and finally, with clouds obtained by TLS. The outcome was a smart-high-quality three-dimensional study model of the inaccessible urban area. The final result was two-fold. On one side, there was a methodological result, a low cost and accurate smart work procedure to obtain a three-dimensional parametric HBIM model that integrates models obtained by remote sensing. On the other side, a patrimonial result involved the discovery of a XII century wall’s section, that had supposedly been lost, that was hidden among the residential buildings. The article covers the survey campaign carried out by the research team and the techniques applied.
Highlights
The way in which we understand our historic centers today is subject to constant changes derived from the tools [1,2,3] we use to interpret them, especially digital tools and data acquisition and processing procedures
In the Single Lens Reflex (SLR) model we can obtain high-quality results thanks to the high-resolution cameras that we have at our disposal as researchers, we will always be limited to work at ground level, producing three-dimensional models with large phantom areas
Data collection through Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems will always be limited by the sectoral regulations that may limit flights depending on the cases
Summary
The way in which we understand our historic centers today is subject to constant changes derived from the tools [1,2,3] we use to interpret them, especially digital tools and data acquisition and processing procedures. Togrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and LIDAR models These models, once combined through different techniques [5], can generate a three-dimensional one with different layers of information. This model allows a highly precise analysis of the urban environment and, more importantly, a non-invasive tool to document and preserve our cities with an overall vision [6]. These models demand tools and methodologies that simplify interoperability among them to facilitate the researcher’s work [7]
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