Abstract
The dynamic changes in protein expression are well known to be required for oocyte meiotic maturation. Although proteomic analysis has been performed in porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation, there is still no full data because of the technical limitations at that time. Here, a novel tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative approach was used to compare the proteomic profiles of porcine immature and in vitro mature oocytes. The results of our study showed that there were 763 proteins considered with significant difference−450 over-expressed and 313 under-expressed proteins. The GO and KEGG analyses revealed multiple regulatory mechanisms of oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation such as spindle and chromosome configurations, cytoskeletal reconstruction, epigenetic modifications, energy metabolism, signal transduction and others. In addition, 12 proteins identified with high-confidence peptide and related to oocyte maturation were quantified by a parallel reaction monitoring technique to validate the reliability of TMT results. In conclusion, we provided a detailed proteomics dataset to enrich the understanding of molecular characteristics underlying porcine oocyte maturation in vitro.
Highlights
The domestic pig, as an important livestock species, has been thought to be an ideal large animal model for health and disease research due to its similar organ sizes and physiology to humans [1, 2]
After a stringent criteria for quality control (TMT labeling efficiency of 98.42%, peptide mass error within 5 ppm), we obtained a total of 3,823 proteins with quantitative information and the detailed description is provided in Supplementary Table S1
We found that the “cGMP-PKG signaling pathway” was significantly under-expressed in metaphase II (MII) compared to germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, suggesting that this pathway was an important part of the regulatory mechanism related to meiotic maturation
Summary
The domestic pig, as an important livestock species, has been thought to be an ideal large animal model for health and disease research due to its similar organ sizes and physiology to humans [1, 2]. It is imperative to generate various types of specially designed pigs for applications in agricultural and biomedical research [3], which is dependent on the constant development of reproductive techniques. Oocytes occupy a vital position in these technical procedures and directly determine their efficiencies [4]. Numerous studies have been conducted to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanisms underlying oocyte maturation in order to improve the IVM efficiency [7], but the existing mechanisms are not comprehensive enough.
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