Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth. In recent decades, the application of phosphate (Pi) fertilizers has contributed to significant increases in crop yields all over the world. However, low efficiency of P utilization in crops leads to intensive application of Pi fertilizers, which consequently stimulates environmental pollution and exhaustion of P mineral resources. Therefore, in order to strengthen the sustainable development of agriculture, understandings of molecular mechanisms underlying P efficiency in plants are required to develop cultivars with high P utilization efficiency. Recently, a plant Pi-signaling network was established through forward and reverse genetic analysis, with the aid of the application of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and ionomics. Among these, proteomics provides a powerful tool to investigate mechanisms underlying plant responses to Pi availability at the protein level. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of proteomic analysis in the identification of differential proteins that play roles in Pi acquisition, translocation, assimilation, and reutilization in plants. These findings could provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying Pi acquisition and utilization efficiency, and offer new strategies in genetically engineering cultivars with high P utilization efficiency.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for plants, accounting for up to 0.5%of plant dry weight depending on plant species [1]
The results strongly suggest that P deficiency could increase accumulations of enzymes functioning in anthocyanin synthesis, and enhance anthocyanin accumulations in leaves
The results strongly suggest that ethylene participated in regulating root growth under P-deprivation conditions, which was probably attributed to changes in its biosynthesis [87,88]
Summary
Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for plants, accounting for up to 0.5%. A deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms regarding plant tolerance to low Pi availability is required to develop cultivars with high Pi fertilizer utilization efficiency, ameliorating the sole reliance on excess Pi fertilizer applications to improve crop yield. We mainly summarize recent advances in the identification and functional characterization of DAPs in response to Pi starvation in plants through proteomic analysis, and highlight the complex regulatory network underlying Pi acquisition, remobilization, and reutilization at protein levels. We discuss the advantages and challenges of proteomic analysis to shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying plant adaptations to Pi starvation, and contribute to developing crop cultivars with high P efficiency in the future. 13,298 nd 669 140 325 4216 nd nd 6842 nd 828 88 nd 1000 nd 110 5013/1881 nd Number of DAPs (#)
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