Abstract
BackgroundFatty liver disease prevalently occurs in commercial postpartum dairies, resulting in a worldwide high culling rate because of their subsequent limitations of production and reproduction performance.ResultsFatty liver-specific proteome and acetylome analysis revealed that energy metabolism suppression closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation activation were shown to be remarkable biological processes underlying the development of fatty liver disease, furthermore, acetylation modification of proteins could be one of the main means to modulate these processes. Twenty pivotal genetic factors/genes that differentially expressing and being acetylation modified in liver were identified and proposed to regulate the pathogenesis of fatty liver dairies. These proteins were confirmed to be differentially expressing in individual liver tissue, eight of which being validated via immunohistochemistry assay.ConclusionsThis study provided a comprehensive proteome and acetylome profile of fatty liver of dairy cows, and revealed potential important biological processes and essential regulators in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. Expectantly, understanding the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease in dairies, as an animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in human beings, which is a clinico-pathologically defined process associated with metabolic syndrome, could inspire and facilitate the development of efficacious therapeutic drugs on NAFLD.
Highlights
Fatty liver disease prevalently occurs in commercial postpartum dairies, resulting in a worldwide high culling rate because of their subsequent limitations of production and reproduction performance
The biology underlying the Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation activation were the important biological processes that accompanied with the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease Proteome-wide analysis revealed that the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease in dairy cattle was accompanied with energy metabolism suppression and immune response activation
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinico-pathologically defined process associated with metabolic syndrome and fundamentally pin-pointed to the pathogenesis of lipid metabolism [26], causing obesity, type II diabetes, liver disease, threatening the health of humans and animals
Summary
Fatty liver disease prevalently occurs in commercial postpartum dairies, resulting in a worldwide high culling rate because of their subsequent limitations of production and reproduction performance. The perinatal disorders remain as prevalent as they were 20 years ago [1], causing worldwide high culling rate of dairy cows in their early lactation period (within 60 days of lactation), approximately 24 % in USA [8] and 27−30 % in China [9]. Clinical strategies, such as increasing blood calcium levels and using anti-inflammatory drugs had being applied in practice [8], could not either completely change the situation or alleviate the contradictions. These are potentially important constituents contributing to the sustainable development of dairy industry [2]
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