Proteiniphilum propionicum sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Bacteroidota isolated from pit clay used to produce Chinese liquor.

Abstract

A novel, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, strictly anaerobic bacterium of genus Proteiniphilum of the phylum Bacteroidota, named strain JNU-WLY501T, was isolated from pit clay used to produce strong aroma-type liquor in PR China. The genomic DNA G+C content and genome size of JNU-WLY501T were 41.4 % and 3.9 Mbp, respectively. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that JNU-WLY501T was closely related to Proteiniphilum acetatigenes DSM 18083T (95.7 %) and Proteiniphilum saccharofermentans M3/6T (94.9 %). The pairwise average nucleotide identity based on blast and average amino acid identity values of JNU-WLY501T compared with Proteiniphilum saccharofermentans M3/6T were 73.6 and 77.3 %, respectively, which both were lower than the threshold values for bacterial species delineation. The strain grew at 20-40 °C, with optimum growth at 37 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.4-9.1, with optimum growth at pH 7.5. The sodium chloride range for growth was 0.0-4.0 %, with optimum growth at 0 %. The strain did not use glucose, maltose, fructose or starch. Yeast extract, tryptone and peptone supported the growth of JNU-WLY501T, and the main fermentation products were acetate and propionate. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>5 %) of JNU-WLY501T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (30.6 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (26.1 %), C16 : 0 (7.7 %), iso-C16 : 0 (5.0 %) and iso-C17 : 0 (5.0 %). The respiratory quinone of JNU-WLY501T was MK-5. On the basis of the morphological, physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic, genotypic and phylogenetic results, JNU-WLY501T represents a novel species of the genus Proteiniphilum, for which the name Proteiniphilum propionicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JNU-WLY501T (=GDMCC 1.2686T=JCM 34753T).