Proteinase Production by a Species of Cephalosporium

Abstract

An unidentified Cephalosporium species produced an extracellular proteinase when grown in a variety of fermentation media under submerged culture conditions. Maximal enzyme yields were obtained in a medium containing 2% corn meal, 1% soybean meal, and 0.5% CaCO(3) in tap water. Optimal proteinase production in this medium occurred within a 72- to 96-hr growth period. High enzyme yields were also attained with media in which cottonseed meal, Fermatein, Pharmamedia, or soybean-alpha-protein was substituted for the soybean meal. The substitution of these ingredients for the corn meal resulted in significantly decreased proteinase yields. The addition of minerals or vitamins to the corn meal-soybean meal fermentation medium failed to enhance proteinase production. The enzyme was most active in an alkaline environment; maximal caseinolysis occurred at pH 7.5, whereas pH 8.5 was optimal for either hemoglobin or beta-lactoglobulin hydrolysis. Enzymatic activity was also noted with either bovine albumin fraction V or soybean-alpha-protein substrates, whereas ovalbumin was not susceptible to enzymatic attack. The enzyme was stable within the pH range of 3.0 to 9.5 at 25 C for 2 hr, and at 5 C for 24 hr. The proteinase was stable upon heating for 10 min at 35 to 45 C, but it was totally inactivated at 70 C. The proteinase was unaffected by soybean inhibitor, partially inactivated by lima bean inhibitor, and completely inactivated by ovomucoid inhibitor.