Abstract
Protein Translocation into Peroxisomes
Highlights
The absence of DNA in peroxisomes requires that all peroxisomal proteins be encoded by the nuclear genome
The PTS1 sequence is recognized and with high affinity (Kd ϭ 460 –500 nM) by a receptor encoded by the PpPEX5 gene of the yeast Pichia pastoris [11] and the HsPEX5 gene in humans [12,13,14]
Homologues of these genes have been described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [15], Hansenula polymorpha [16], and Yarrowia lipolytica [17]
Summary
This review focuses only on the signals, proteins, and mechanisms involved in peroxisomal protein import and peroxisome biogenesis, emphasizing features unique to this organelle. A few PMPs have been shown to be translated on free polysomes [7,8,9], but direct transfer from the cytosol to peroxisomes is either inferred or supported by in vitro experiments for only two proteins, PMP22 and PMP70 [6, 10]. The implications of these studies are discussed later
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