Abstract
Nanozymes have been developed as new generation of biomimetic antibiotics against wound infection. However, most of new-developed nanozymes based on inorganic particles or hybrid ones usually originate from incompatible raw materials or unwanted metal salts, highly limiting their further biomedical usages. To overcome above drawbacks, it is highly required to develop novel nanozymes with great antibacterial activity by using biocompatible reagents and endogenous metal species as raw materials. Here, we demonstrated that bovine serum albumin enwrapped copper phosphate-based protein-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers possessed intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, which could be used as efficient biomimetic antibiotics against bacterial infection via the nanozyme-mediated generation of high toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). With the admirable peroxidase-like activity, our nanoflowers could efficiently kill drug-resistance bacteria under physiological conditions, improve the wound healing after pathogen-induced infection, as well as avoid the potential tissue injury in time. Comprehensive toxicity exploration of these nanoflowers indicated their high biocompatibility and excellent biosafety. Our current strategy toward the design of protein-inorganic hybrid nanozymes with high biosafety and few side effects could provide a new paradigm for the development of nanozyme-based antibacterial platform in future.
Highlights
As one of the greatest global health problems, bacterial infection has afflicted millions of people annually and attracted widespread attention in decades
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was selected as the template protein in the typical synthesis according to its high biocompatibility, easy accessibility, and inexpensive characteristic
Broad peaks around 3,200 cm−1 could be corresponded to the presence of H2O molecules and hydrogen bonding, which demonstrated that protein used in the current system could well lead to the nucleation of these hybrid materials
Summary
As one of the greatest global health problems, bacterial infection has afflicted millions of people annually and attracted widespread attention in decades. We demonstrated that protein-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity could act as efficient biomimetic antibiotics against bacterial infection and improve relative wound healing These flower-like nanozymes composited with Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O nanocrystals and protein coating were prepared via a mild aqueous synthesis by using copper ions as inorganic components, biocompatible bovine serum albumin as nucleation template, as well as neutral phosphate buffer saline as reaction solvent. Our nanozymemediated antibacterial platform could efficiently kill drugresistance bacteria under physiological conditions, improve the wound healing after pathogen-induced infection, and avoid the potential tissue injury in time These well-developed nanoflowers held extremely low long-term systemic toxicity, indicating their potentials in further biomedical usages and clinical transformation. ICR mice without hair on their back were randomly divided into two groups, which were defined as control group (none treatment) and test group (skin exposure toward Band-Aids containing nanoflowers), respectively (n = 4). Harvested, fixed in buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)
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