PROTEIN EFFICIENCY IN JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix-coturnix Japonica) FED FERMENTED PALM KERNEL CAKE BY ( Aspergillus niger)

Nurhayati Et Al

doi:10.36103/ijas.v50ispecial.184

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of protein in quails fed fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger (FPKC). Ninety six three-weeks-old female quails were raised in 16 cages with 60 x 60 x 40 in size of each and 6 quails each. Diets were formulated by yellow corn, rice bran, soybean meal, coconut meal, fish meal, bone meal, premix, palm kernel cake and fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger. This study used a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 4 blocks as replications. The treatments were R0 = basal diet as a control diet, R1 = basal diet + 15 % FPKC, R2 = basal diet + 20 % FPKC, R3 = basal diet + 25 % FPKC. The observed variables were feed consumption, body weight gain, protein consumption and protein efficiency. The results from this study showed that quail fed fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergilus niger had no significantly different on their performance ; feed intake, body weight gain, protein consumption and protein efficiency. It can be concluded that using palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger up to 25% in the ratio had no adverse effect on quail performance and protein efficiency.

Highlights

In the current situation, utilization of local and unconventional feedstuff as alternative feed for the animals are carrying out and trending topic to be determined
Palm kernel cake contains higher protein content than that of other plantation industry by products that are around 14 – 21 % and gross energy 4,998 kcal/kg [27]. Efforts to use it as local feedstuff were still obstacles due to high content of crude fiber (14 %), unbalanced amino acid and the presence of anti-nutritional substances such as mannan oligosaccharide [9]. [27] who stated that the crude protein content of fermented PKC was 11.30% 17.00% the fat content and crude fiber are quite high, about 4.50% -17.00% and 16% - 23%, respectively
It is hoped that offering feed contain fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger can improve protein efficiency in Japanese quail

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Utilization of local and unconventional feedstuff as alternative feed for the animals are carrying out and trending topic to be determined. Use of PKC in the poultry diet is limited due to the high content of crude fibre content in PKC [28], reach 15% [22] and the component is dominated by mannan, reach 56,4% [7] that can not be digested. Increased nutrient content due to Aspergillus niger can produce Laccases form the largest subgroup within the Multicopper oxidases (MCOs) family that have activties on degradation of lignocellulose material [2] and oxidation of antibiotics produced by microorganisms [27] and lignin, cellulose or starch [16] This fact means Aspergillus niger might be used to degrade cellulose in PKC and at the end product of fermentation can increase protein and decrease crude fibre content in PKC. It is hoped that offering feed contain fermented palm kernel cake by Aspergillus niger can improve protein efficiency in Japanese quail. Total ninety six 3-weeks-old female quails meal, fish meal, bone meal and premix, palm were used in this study, offered diet according kernel cake (PKC) and fermented palm kernel to quail diet recommended by Nutrient cake by Aspergillus niger (FPKC) as shown on Research Council [16] to meet nutrients Table 1

Crude fiber

Multiple Range Test for the significant effect

Findings

Protein efficiency ratio