Abstract
BackgroundSonchus asper is traditionally used in Pakistan for the treatment of reproductive dysfunction and oxidative stress. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate chloroform extract of Sonchus asper (SACE) against potassium bromate-induced reproductive stress in male rats.Methods20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) potassium bromate (KBrO3) was induced in 36 rats for four weeks and checked the protective efficacy of SACE at various hormonal imbalances, alteration of antioxidant enzymes, and DNA fragmentation levels. High performance chromatography (HPLC) was used for determination of bioactive constituents responsible.ResultsThe level of hormonal secretion was significantly altered by potassium bromate. DNA fragmentation%, activity of antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phase II metabolizing enzymes viz; glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), glutathione-S-tansase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) was decreased while hydrogen per oxide contents and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were increased with KBrO3 treatment. Treatment with SACE effectively ameliorated the alterations in the biochemical markers; hormonal and molecular levels while HPLC characterization revealed the presence of catechin, kaempferol, rutin and quercetin.ConclusionProtective effects of Sonchus asper vs. KBrO3 induced lipid peroxidation might be due to bioactive compound present in SACE.
Highlights
Sonchus asper is traditionally used in Pakistan for the treatment of reproductive dysfunction and oxidative stress
Plant collection Sonchus asper at maturity was collected from District Bannu (Pakistan) during the September 2011, identified and a voucher specimen R-47 was submitted at herbarium of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
HPLC characterization of polyphenolic constituents The investigated compounds in the SACE were quantified by integration of the peak-areas at 220 nm using an external calibration method
Summary
Sonchus asper is traditionally used in Pakistan for the treatment of reproductive dysfunction and oxidative stress. The present investigation was aimed to evaluate chloroform extract of Sonchus asper (SACE) against potassium bromate-induced reproductive stress in male rats. Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is found in drinking water, food additive [1] and hair solution [2], cause sensorineural hearing loss and adverse effects on the vestibuloocular reflex system [3,4]. KBrO3 induces chromosomal aberration and promoting tumorigenesis [5] due to elevation of ONOO- level and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in DNA induced by oxidative stress [6]. Sever damage to sperm membranes, proteins and DNA is associated with alterations in signal transduction mechanisms that affect fertility [7,8]. Free radicals cause alterations in the spermatogenic cycle, hypogonadism, reduction of sperms, Materials and methods. All parts of the plant (leaves, stem, flowers, seeds and roots) were shade dried for two weeks, chopped, and ground mechanically
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