Abstract
Background: Morphine is a member of the naturally occurring phenanthrene alkaloids of opium. Genistein is a phytoestrogen, present in soy products. This study was designed to evaluate protective effects of genistein against morphine induced damages to the kidneys of mice. Methods: In this study, 48 male mice were randomly assigned to 8 groups: control (saline), morphine treated group (10 mg/kg/day); genistein groups (1, 2, 4 mg/kg/day) and morphine plus genistein treated group. Drugs were administrated intraperitoneally for 30 consequent days. Weight of animals and kidneys, glomeruli characteristics, kidney function markers and blood serum nitric oxide level has been studied. Result: The results indicated that morphine administration significantly increased Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and nitric oxide levels compared to the control ( saline) group (P<0.05). Genistein in all doses and genistein plus morphine at the dose of 4 mg/kg significantly decreased LDH, BUN, creatinine, glomerular diameter and nitric oxide levels compared to the control and morphine groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that genistein administration improved kidney damages induced by morphine in mice.
Highlights
Human familiarity with narcotics is not known exactly, but human attention has always been drawn to the power of opioid analgesic drugs such as opium
It seems that genistein administration improved kidney damages induced by morphine in mice
The kidney and mice weights were significantly decreased in the morphine group compared to the control group (p
Summary
Human familiarity with narcotics is not known exactly, but human attention has always been drawn to the power of opioid analgesic drugs such as opium. A major part of the foreign substances entering the body, including drugs, are metabolized by the liver hepatocytes and are excreted by the kidney cells. It is possible that during metabolism, waste products damage liver and kidney cells [6]. Use of medicinal plants and herbal medicines in different countries is increasing because of the effectiveness of these substances demonstrated in the scientific community [15,16]. Regarding the toxic effects of morphine and genistein properties, no study has been done to evaluate the protective effects of genistein on the morphineinduced damages in the kidney. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of genistein on morphineinduced damage in kidneys. This study was designed to evaluate protective effects of genistein against morphine induced damages to the kidneys of mice
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