Abstract
Eucalyptus oil (EO), an essential oil isolated from Eucalyptus leaves, was examined for its effect on LPS and Klebsiella pneumoniae - induced COPD in rats. The COPD model was induced by instilling intratracheally with LPS and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. P). The test compound, EO (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg), Prednisone Acetate (10 mg/kg) or vehicle was instilled intragastrically after three weeks exposure of LPS and K. P, lasted for 4 weeks. EO significantly reduced amounts of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood, and decreased bronchiolitis, emphysematous changes and thickness of bronchioles. It also significantly reduced the increased AB-PAS-positive goblet cells in bronchioles. Prednisone Acetate attenuated pulmonary inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion, but no significant difference was found on emphysema. Pretreatment with EO markly reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-β in lung homogenate, significantly decreased the elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) level and and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These findings indicate that EO could exert an protective effect against LPS plus K. P-induced lung indury via inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines production and improvement of anti-oxidant status. Our results provide evidence that EO might have its potential to be a proper candidate drug in the treatment of COPD.
Highlights
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by chronic inflammation and irreversible airflow obstruction, mainly induced by cigarette smoking and noxious stimuli including infection [1]
Eucalyptus oil inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression and NO production induced by lipopolysaccharide and IFN-γ [8]
To determine the effect of essential oil (EO) on pulmonary inflammation and pheripheral inflammation, we counted the number of leukocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by chronic inflammation and irreversible airflow obstruction, mainly induced by cigarette smoking and noxious stimuli including infection [1]. There is increasing evidence that bacterial colonization in COPD patients contributed to airway inflammation and excerbated the progression of decline lung function [2,3,4]. Eucalyptus essential oil (EO), is commonly used as expectorant for upper respiratory tract infection or inflammation, as well as decongestant and various other inflammatory diseases. Concomitant therapy of Eucalyptol reduced exacerbations and improves lung function in patients with COPD [9]. These findings support at least for some of the essential oils of Eucalyptus species used in the clinical treatment.
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