Abstract
Background: The present study investigated the protective effect of C. myxa extract on the liver biochemical and histologic changes induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in adult male rats. Methods: We used 48 adults male Wistar rats, divided into 6 groups of 8. Control group received water and normal food. Sham group 1 received 2 mg/kg of CdCl2 for 35 days intraperitoneally. In Addition, Sham Group 2 received 125 mg/kg extract of C. myxa fruit for 35 days by gavage method. The experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 received 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of C. myxa extract for 21 days through gavage, followed by 2 mg/kg of CdCl2 given intraperitoneally for 14 days. After the experimentation period, blood samples were taken and the serum total protein and albumin concentrations measured. Also, liver tissue sections were prepared, stained and examined by light microscopy to evaluate the histologic changes. Results: The mean body weight, serum total protein, albumin in sham group 1 showed a significant decrease in comparison with those in the controls and Sham Group 2. The mean body weight and serum total protein in Experimental Groups 2 and 3 showed a significant increase compared to those in Sham Group 1. The mean serum albumin in Experimental Group 3 showed a significant increase compared to that in Sham Group 1 (P <0.05). Conclusion: The extract of C. myxa fruit demonstrated protective effects on changes in body weight, serum biochemical factors and liver histology induced by the adverse effect of CdCl2 in adult male rats.
Highlights
Cadmium (Cd) is a chemical element in the periodic table with the atomic number 48 [1]
Considering the antioxidant properties of the C. myxa fruits, this study investigated the protective effect of the extract on the biochemical and tissue alterations in the male rat liver in response to exposure to CdCl2
Despite the multiple variables that might be responsible for the significantly less weight losses, we can argue that these changes might be associated with at least three conceivable factors, such as, a) shorter CdCl2 exposure (14d Vs 35d) of the rats; b) prior presence of C. myxa extract in rats, which might have provided a protective effect as was suggested for Sham Group 2 earlier; and c) the dose-dependent protective effect of the extract, which might have promoted a more favorable growth rate in the rats, depending on the dosage
Summary
Cadmium (Cd) is a chemical element in the periodic table with the atomic number 48 [1]. This 2-valent, relatively scarce metal is malleable, flexible, and whitewater colored metal, which can be cut with a knife [2,3]. Cd-contaning compounds have caused tumors in several species of laboratory animals and organ tissues [4]. Exposure to various Cd compounds can cause lung cancer in rats, the prevalence of which increases with the level of exposure. The oral application of CdCl2 in rats has increased the prevalence of leukemia and stimulated elliptical tumors [6]. The present study investigated the protective effect of C. myxa extract on the liver biochemical and histologic changes induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in adult male rats
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