Abstract
The biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, MDA, and uric acid levels were investigated for the assessment of stress-induced dysfunction after immobilization stress on the Swiss albino mice. Stress induction caused the elevation of SGOT (7.7 ± 0.2 vs 88.8 ± 0.3; control vs stress), SGPT (10.3 ± 0.5 vs 110.5 ± 5.2), MDA (3.9 ± 0.2 vs 9.4 ± 0.2 in the serum and 4.0 ± 0.3 vs 13.9 ± 0.2 in brain; control vs stress) and uric acid (7.0 ± 0.1 vs 17.2 ± 0.3; control vs stress) levels in the serum. Histopathology of the liver, kidney heart and lung were also examined, and morphology indicated the degradation of each of the organ by the stress induction. The bark of Loranthus globosus was extracted with methanol and then fractionated with petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CF) and ethyl acetate (EA). Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavanoids and phenolics in all fractions. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by in vitro assays using total antioxidant capacity and DPPH- free radical scavenging activity. The results demonstrated that among all the extractives of L. globosus EA fraction exhibited highest total antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. The EA fraction of L. globosus (12 mg/kg b. w.) successfully reduced the increased biochemical parameters (stress vs stress + EAF); SGOT (88.8 ± 0.3 vs 9.9 ± 0.9), SGPT (110.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA (9.5 ± 0.2 vs 5.5 ± 0.1 in the serum; and 13.9 ± 0.2 vs 7.5 ± 0.2 in the brain) and serum uric acid (17.2 ± 0.3 vs 8.9 ± 0.1) on stress-induced mice. Histopathological analysis also supported the beneficial effects of EA fraction of L. globosus . Dexamethasone (2 mg/kg b. w.) was used as standard drug. The results suggested that the EA fraction of L. globosus might have some beneficial effects in preventing stress-induced organ dysfunction presumably through the neutralization of oxidative-stress generated during immobilization of mice. However, further study is necessary in order to precisely determine the exact molecular mechanisms.
Highlights
Oxidative stress (OS) represents an imbalance between the production and manifestation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a biology system have the ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage
The highest amount of total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents were found in ethyl acetate (EA) fractions (114.84 ± 0.20 and 276.90 ± 16.34 GAE g –1, respectively)
This study has shown that regardless the method of intake, various biochemical and histological abnormalities are produced in response to stress induction
Summary
Oxidative stress (OS) represents an imbalance between the production and manifestation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a biology system have the ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Disturbances in the normal redox state of tissue can cause toxic effects through the production of ROS, such as peroxides and free radical that damage all components of the cell. Some of the ROS (such as superoxide) can be converted by oxido-reduction reactions into more aggressive radical species that can cause excessive cellular damage [1]. By lipid peroxidation or by oxidizing DNA or proteins, the serve levels of oxidative stress cause necrosis and his damage causes ATP depletion, preventing controlled apoptotic death and causing the cell to fall apart [2]. An excess generation of ROS in cells is known to damage DNA, lipids and proteins, resulting in a number of untoward pathophysiological effects such as mutagenesis, malignant transformation, cell death etc.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
