Abstract
In recent years, shipboard microgrids (MGs) have become more flexible, efficient, and reliable. The next generations of future shipboards are required to be equipped with more focuses on energy storage systems to provide all-electric shipboards. Therefore, the shipboards must be very reliable to ensure the operation of all parts of the system. A reliable shipboard MG should be protected from system faults through protection selectivity to minimize the impact of faults and facilitate detection and location of faulty zones with the highest accuracy and speed. It is necessary to have an across-the-board overview of the protection systems in DC shipboards. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the issues and challenges faced in the protection of shipboard MGs. Furthermore, given the different types of components utilized in shipboard MGs, the fault behavior analysis of these components is provided to highlight the requirements for their protection. The protection system of DC shipboards is divided into three sub-systems, namely, fault detection, location, and isolation. Therefore, a comprehensive comparison of different existing fault detection, location, and isolation schemes, from traditional to modern techniques, on shipboard MGs is presented to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme.
Highlights
The demand for more durable and higher quality shipboard power systems has increased due to the widespread application of power electronic devices, increase in highpower electrical loads, and development of integrated electrical propulsion [1,2]
The protection system is essential to de-energize the faulty point from the healthy parts of the system and modify the system structure to guarantee that the unnecessary interruptions of the critical loads are avoided
These systems require different protection systems compared to terrestrial DC MGs since the reconfiguration of DC shipboard MGs is highly affected by the criticality of propulsion loads in marine systems and the significant differences in the load profiles
Summary
The demand for more durable and higher quality shipboard power systems has increased due to the widespread application of power electronic devices, increase in highpower electrical loads, and development of integrated electrical propulsion [1,2]. Due to the very low rise time of the fault current in DC shipboard MGs, the protection system must detect and isolate the faulty section within a very short operation time. This rapid fault current results in difficult coordination of primary and backup protection units [15].
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