Protected Areas as a Place for Biodiversity Conservation

Abstract

The technogenic impact is least felt in specially protected areas whose task is to preserve rare species of animals and plants. Population dynamics is investigated effectively using mathematical models to explore various scenarios of interaction and development of populations, as well as assess the impact of the environment on the spatial-temporal dynamics of biological communities. The paper considers a non-linear model of a protected population, a feature of which is the presence of a bilocal area and the exchange of individuals between its parts. It is a system of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations that describes the dependence of migration flows on the uneven distribution of individuals on a heterogeneous area with a generalized resource. The influence of the generalized resource on the distribution of the density of parts of a population is investigated using a computational experiment. A specific feature of the model is the presence of a variable cross-diffusion coefficient, which makes it possible to describe the process of excessive concentration of individuals in the most favorable places in terms of resource availability, as a result of which individuals of the population are dispersed in search of a new resource source. The simulation results can be used in the determination of volume of fishing of populations on the unprotected part of the area, the organization of feeding points in a protected part.