Protected Area Biodiversity Conservation: Population Dynamics

Abstract

One of the methods for protecting the environment and conserving species biodiversity is the creation of protected areas, the task of which is to conserve rare species of animals and plants. The dynamics of populations can be studied quite effectively with the mathematical models. Modeling allows to study all possible scenarios of interaction and development of populations, to evaluate the influence of the environment on the spatial-temporal dynamics of biological communities. The paper considers a non-linear model of a protected population, the feature of which is the presence of a bilocal range and the exchange of species between its parts. It is a system of nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations that describes the dependence of migration flows on the uneven distribution of species in an area with a generalized resource. A complex of programs was coded in Python programming language for numerical study of diffusion models and visualization of the results obtained. Numerical simulation results of cross-diffusion effects and influence of generalized resource are analyzed in detail. The obtained results of research can be used for studying the processes in the protected population, for assessing the size of the protected areas being created, determining the conditions of population degeneration and recommendations for their stable existence.