PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION WITH HYBRID PROSTHESIS ON IMPLANTS IN MANDIBULA

Abstract

In the modern world trends, standardized conventional prosthetic restorations are increasingly replaced by non-conventional therapeutic methods and devices. The main goal set by modern prosthetоdontic therapy is the tendency to increase retention and fix the stability of restorations in the area of their base. One of the new solutions to this problem has been the application of the Brånemark system (Nobel Biocare). One of such prosthetic devices is the so-called single hybrid prosthesis (multi unit system). It is basically a type of fixed-mobile substructure that is tightly screwed with screw nuts on several pre-installed implants. The methodology of the work is multidisciplinary and primarily requires knowledge of several areas with a skilled team with professionalism and stable routine. Hybrid prosthesis are the practical choice of a firmly fixed prosthetic superstructure on 4 implants in order to give the patients a sense of security, stability and immobility of the restoration itself. The purpose of our research was to study the frequency of use of hybrid prostheses compared to other conventional types, as well as to determine their prevalence in terms of localization and some demographic characteristics (gender and age). The prevalence of hybrid devices compared to other types of mobile devices by year, varies from 3.15% in year 2010 to 7.33% in 2018. There is a higher percentage of these prostheses in the lower jaw of 88.4% compared to the upper jaw where the representation is significantly lower and equals 11.6%. The highest percentage is in the group of 50-59 years old with a value of 40%. If we add values from 40-59 years old, we get data that more than half or more precisely 64.8% of the interviewed group are in this age range. Тhe percentage representation of the hybrid dentures gradually increases with age, then gradually decreases, while the oldest patients prefer the use of classical acrylic total dentures. Analysis of the prevalence of hybrid prosthesis in relation to gender did not show significant variations. It could be concluded that immediate implant function becomes an accepted treatment modality for fixed restorations in completely toothless mandibula, while experience with immediate implant function in the upper jaw is still very limited.