Prospects, properties and formation of nanogold. Typification of ultrafine (nano) gold-bearing ores. Classification of forms of natural gold exposure presence with aggregation of free nanogold

Abstract

What are the prospects for development of the mineral resource base of processing complexes in the world, in addition to the traditional discovery and development of new gold deposits? The practice of development of gold ore deposits shows that along with macro- and micro-gold in ores there is gold of high dispersion up to nanoscale size. The possibility of its extraction by upto-day technologies is limited. The extreme fineness and complexity of forms of gold presence create significant difficulties in analytical determination and development of technologies for their extraction. The concept of the metallurgical approach to extraction of non-recoverable nanogold in the processing of gold-bearing ores requires consideration of the inseparable chain of geology, mining and metallurgy. Chemical transformations accompany gold in the first and third stages. The development of advanced technology for extraction of ultrafine nanogold should be conducted from nanogeochemistry and nanomineralogy to nanometallurgy. It was found that melting temperatures during heat treatment of fine nanogold in gold-bearing ores on different genetic types (low-, medium-, high-temperature hydrothermal, gold-scarn) are different, and the thermal effect magnitude is proportional to the formation temperature. Factors of technological complexity of low extraction of dispersed gold during cyanidation are determined. Typing of ores according to geological and technological properties of exploited deposits of Uzbekistan with ultrafine (nano) gold has been carried out. The classification of natural gold with nanogold aggregation, modern and possible methods of separation of primary gold were developed.