Prospects of designing small architectural forms using alternative energy sources

Тetiana Tkachenko,Olena Voloshkina,Adam Ujma,Oleksii Tkachenko

doi:10.32347/2411-4049.2021.1.44-54

Abstract

The energy efficiency of the transport system is one of the key issues in the concept of sustainable development of modern cities. Increasing energy efficiency in the transport sector implies increasing the efficiency of the entire transport sector: from modernizing vehicles to introducing energy-efficient comfortable stops for public transport into the city system. One of the problems of modern architecture of large cities is the creation of a unified architecture of small architectural forms (SAF), namely, stops of urban public transport. They should not only have a modern design, but also be comfortable, functional, safe and energy efficient. In the article, the authors propose a unified urban archetype for an energy-efficient public transport stop for the city of Kyiv. Energy efficiency is achieved by installing solar panels on the roofs of the SAF. During the placement of the bus stop, it is imperative to take into account the shading from nearest buildings located on the south, south-east and south-west sides. Depending on the orientation of the roof of the stop to the cardinal points and the type of solar panels, it can generate about 2030 kW∙h/year (west orientation) – 2269.9 kW∙h/year (south orientation) of electricity. The maximum deviation from the averaged equal-percentage value (2143.16 kW∙h/year) related to the actual data between the maximum and minimum of generation is only 5.55%. This is explained by the angle of photovoltaic panels, which is optimized for universal use. The proposed archetype is energy efficient, functional, and therefore can be taken as a basis for mass placement in the city.

Highlights

IntroductionEnergy is the most important driving force of world economic progress. In the middle of the 20th century, energy consumption was growing in all countries of the world
Today, energy is the most important driving force of world economic progress
If we look at the structural components of the world energy, we can see that most needs are provided by the use of minerals: coal, oil, natural gas, uranium

Summary

Introduction

Energy is the most important driving force of world economic progress. In the middle of the 20th century, energy consumption was growing in all countries of the world. If we look at the structural components of the world energy, we can see that most needs are provided by the use of minerals: coal, oil, natural gas, uranium. This leads to depletion of natural resources. Today environmentalists note that humanity requires 1.75 of planet Earth to provide all needs [1]. This means that people consume so quickly that the planet does not have time to replenish its resources. 75% of global energy consumption and 80% of greenhouse gas emissions fall on cities [2]. Despite sharp fluctuations in the concentration of CO2 in the Earth's atmosphere over the past geological period, the natural cycle of CO2 over the past few millennia has not changed

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