Abstract
Nowadays, underwater wireless communications are realized through communication systems based on acoustic waves, electromagnetic waves (radiofrequency waves and low frequency waves), magnetic induction and visible light. This paper provides a basic problems and key aspects in the development of underwater wireless optical communication systems. The latter attracts considerable interest from science, industry and ecology as an effective solution to satisfy the rapidly increasing demands of underwater high data-rate transmission on at any depth. However, severe aquatic channel conditions (absorption, scattering, turbulence, etc.) significantly reduce the attainable communication ranges. The second serious problem limiting the functioning of wireless optical communication systems is the difficulty of aligning the transmitter beam with the receiver's field of view. Two main types between transmitter and receiver are considered: diffuse line-of-sign (wide-beam) configuration and point-to-point light-of-sign (narrow-beam) configuration. Diffuse line-of-sign communication have reduced alignment requirements, but data rates and distances are noticeably lower than in narrow-beam systems. The main technical solutions for adjusting the receiver and transmitter in narrow-beam communication systems are discussed in this paper.
Published Version
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