Prospects for the detection rate of very-high-energy γ-ray emissions from short γ-ray bursts with the HADAR experiment* *Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12263004, 12263005, 12275279).

Abstract

The observation of short gamma ray bursts (SGRBs) in the TeV energy range plays an important role in understanding the radiation mechanism and probing potential new physics, such as Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). However, no SGRBs have been observed in this energy range owing to the short duration of SGRBs and the weakness of current experiments. New experiments with new technology are required to detect the very high energy (VHE) emission of SGRBs. In this study, we simulate the VHE γ-ray emissions from SGRBs and calculate the annual detection rate with the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment. First, a set of pseudo-SGRB samples is generated and checked using the observations of the Fermi-GBM, Fermi-LAT, and Swift-BAT measurements. The annual detection rate is calculated from these SGRB samples based on the performance of the HADAR instrument. As a result, the HADAR experiment can detect 0.5 SGRBs per year if the spectral break-off of γ-rays caused by the internal absorption and Klein-Nishina (KN) effect is larger than 100 GeV. For a GRB090510-like GRB in HADAR's view, it should be possible to detect approximately 2000 photons considering the internal absorption and KN effect. With a time delay assumption due to LIV effects, a simulated light curve of GRB090510 has evident energy dependence. We hope that the HADAR experiment can perform SGRB observations and test our calculations in the future.