Abstract
Several drugs have been delivered by microneedles (MN), including nano-molecular mass drugs, nucleotides, Deoxyribonucleic Acid, peptides, Amino acids, and activated viruses. Over the past decade, several production processes have developed various types of MN. Different materials have been used to design several microneedle geometries. Various approaches to microneedle delivery of drugs (trans)dermally have been attempted using these MN. Following a brief introduction to microneedle for transdermal application, this review describes different types, dimensions, and methodology of drug delivery followed by fabrication techniques and materials. Owing to the high efficacy of MN, considerable interest was attained to grab the opportunities, as evident from clinical data. Some other intriguing interventions/ devices are identified for the transdermal delivery treatment buy yet to gain public acceptance. With a current worldwide prospection, the current analysis validates the overall evolution and unexplored corners of MN research. It renders microneedle-based (trans)dermal drug delivery systems for practical therapeutic effects. In addition, current manuscript focused on the clinical fate of all the 70 interventions related to MN. Clinical trials which determine the safety and effectiveness of new drugs, treatments or diagnostic methods. All the MN related interventions were highly regulated and closely monitored during clinical trials to ensure efficacy, safety and the same was discussed in detail.
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