Proprioceptive skills and functional outcome after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a bone–tendon–bone graft

Abstract

Several studies have shown that patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have an improved proprioceptive function compared to subjects with ACL-deficient knees. The measurement of functional scores and proprioception potentially provides clinicians with more information on the status of the ACL-reconstructed knees. To evaluate proprioception in patients following ACL reconstruction with a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft, we used the angle reproduction in the sitting, lying and standing positions and the one-leg hop test. Forty-five patients between 19 and 52 years of age were investigated in a 36-month period after the operation. For functional performance measurement, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was used. Very good and good results were seen in 95% of cases. All patients returned to the same activity level as seen before ACL repair. There was a significant difference in the active angle reproduction test between the ACL-reconstructed knees and normal knees in the active sitting position. Tests with passive angle adjustment in the sitting, lying and active standing positions did not show any differences in proprioceptive skills. Good to very good results in the one-leg hop test we found in 95% of patients. After ACL reconstruction, deficiencies in the active angle reproduction test were very small but, nevertheless, were still observed. Overall, the functional and proprioceptive outcomes demonstrate results to recommend the procedure.