Abstract
Nanofiber properties, and the possibilities of their application in industry, including the production of car air intake filtration materials for vehicle engines are discussed. The attention is paid to the low efficiency of standard filtration materials based on cellulose in the range of dust grains below 5 μm. The properties of filtration materials with nanofibers addition are described. The conditions, and methodology of material filter paper tests at the station with particle counter were developed. Studies on the filtration characteristics, such as: efficiency, accuracy, as well as pressure drop of filtration materials differing in structure were made: standard paper, cellulose, and these materials with the addition of nanofibers. These are commonly used filter materials for filter inserts production of car air intake systems. Test results show significantly higher values of the efficiency, and filtration accuracy of materials with nanofiber layer addition of dust grains below 5 μm in comparison with standard filter paper. It was found that there are 16 μm dust grains in the air flow behind the insert made out of cellulose,, which may be the reason for the accelerated wear of the engines piston-piston ring-cylinder association. Lower values of dust mass loading coefficient km for filtration materials with the addition of nanofiber layer, in relation to standard filter paper were observed.
Highlights
The dominant filter material of modern inlet air internal combustion engines is filter paper, characterized by filtration performance dz ≥ 5 μm, filtration efficiency at φw = 99.9%, low thickness gm = 0.4–0.8 mm, and the same small dust absorptivity limited by the permissible pressure drop ∆pfdop of the air filter [3, 5, 6,7,8,9]
It is believed that all dust grains above dz ≥ 1 μm which are of mineral origin cause accelerated components wear of internal combustion engines [2,3,4,5, 7, 10]
Air pollution and their impact on engine components wear During the operation of combustion engines with air, the significant amounts of contaminants enter into cylinders, but these are mostly dust grains with sizes below 2–5 μm as modern air filters, where filter paper or non-woven fabric is a filter medium, operate with such precision
Summary
The possibilities of their application in industry, including the production of car air intake filtration materials for vehicle engines are discussed. Studies on the filtration characteristics, such as: efficiency, accuracy, as well as pressure drop of filtration materials differing in structure were made: standard paper, cellulose, and these materials with the addition of nanofibers. These are commonly used filter materials for filter inserts production of car air intake systems. Test results show significantly higher values of the efficiency, and filtration accuracy of materials with nanofiber layer addition of dust grains below 5 μm in comparison with standard filter paper. Lower values of dust mass loading coefficient km for filtration materials with the addition of nanofiber layer, in relation to standard filter paper were observed
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