Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Produced Using White and Red Grape Bagasse as a Nutrient Source

Linda Ogrizek,Franc Čuš,Marija Gorjanc,Mirjam Leskovšek,Janja Lamovšek

doi:10.3390/pr9071088

Linda Ogrizek, Franc Čuš + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9071088

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Abstract

The purpose of the study is to investigate the possibility of using wine industry wastes, such as red and white grape bagasse, to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) instead of using a costly commercial medium. BC was produced using grape bagasse as a carbon source replacement and the sole nutrient in the medium. The BC films were evaluated for their productivity and water-holding capacity. The BC films were also investigated for their morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their viscoelastic properties using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and their chemical composition using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Although the use of grape bagasse as the sole nutrient was successful in the preparation of BC, the BC films had inferior viscoelastic properties to other produced BC films. White grape bagasse proved to be an excellent carbon substitute as the production of BC and its water-holding capacity were five times higher and the produced BC films were up to 72% more flexible than the bacterial cellulose produced using standard HS medium.

Highlights

Cellulose is a water-insoluble polysaccharide, mainly produced by plants and algae, that can be modified for higher water solubility and employed in numerous medical, environmental, and technological applications [1,2,3]
The bacterial cellulose (BC) produced on nitric-acidhydrolyzed potato peel waste had improved properties [22], such as higher crystallinity, higher thermal stability, and higher surface area, than BC produced in HS medium (HS-BC)
Results and Discussion using standard HS medium, modified HS medium with the exclusion of carbon or nitrousing standard HS medium, modified HS medium with the exclusion of carbon or nitrogen sources, modified HS medium where carbon nutrients were partially replaced by gen sources, modified HS medium where carbon nutrients were partially replaced by white or red grape bagasse extracts, and the use of grape bagasse extract alone as a nutriwhite or red grape bagasse extracts, andorthe use ofsource grape from bagasse extract alone as a nutriExclusion the nitrogen carbon

Summary

Introduction

Cellulose is a water-insoluble polysaccharide, mainly produced by plants and algae, that can be modified for higher water solubility (i.e., cellulose esters) and employed in numerous medical, environmental, and technological applications [1,2,3]. Due to high production costs when using HS medium, the search for alternative, cheaper carbon and nutrient sources, such as food waste, is a current commercial strategy [12]. This strategy is interesting from the eco-friendly and circular economy perspective. When comparing natural nutrient sources to HS medium, it was found that production of BC was higher when. The aim of our research is to evaluate the possibility of replacing the carbon and nutrient sources for BC production from standard HS medium with grape bagasse, a natural waste product from the grape wine industry.

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