Abstract
We use an analytic Bloch-mode approach to investigate one-dimensional planar Bragg waveguides (PBWGs) with an air- or a glass-core layer sandwiched within two symmetric Bragg gratings formed by alternate arrays of air and glass layers. The calculation results show that there exist simultaneously two kinds of guided modes as the gap-guided modes resulting from the photonic band-gap effect and the index-guided modes formed by the total internal reflection effect. We calculate the electromagnetic (EM)-field distributions of these guided modes with different parallel wave vectors and find remarkably different EM-field profiles between the index-guided modes and the gap-guided modes. In order to explore the propagation properties of the PBWGs, we analyze the group velocity and the group-velocity dispersion of different types of guided modes. The results show that the guided mode properties are significantly influenced by the core material as well as the cladding structure. The analytic Bloch-mode approach can help to investigate and design the PBWGs in a simple, efficient, and accurate manner.
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