Abstract

Among a variety of kinetic phenomena related to fast particles in astrophysical plasma, the simplest effect is Coulomb collisions under propagation of the particles in a plasma. The so-called thick-target model is considered. An important role of the reverse-current electric field in this model is demonstrated. In particular, we inevitably have to take into account the reverse current effects in order to study the problem of acceleration of electrons in solar flares. However this problem is of general astrophysical significance how to interpret the observed cosmic hard X-rays quantitatively correct.

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