Propagation Measurement of a Pedestrian Tunnel at 24 GHz for 5G Communications

Qi Ping Soo,Zhengqing Yun,David Wee Gin Lim,Magdy F Iskander,Ka Heng Chong,Nurhidayah Rusli,Heng-Siong Lim,Soo Yong Lim

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3125710

Abstract

In this paper, we report the results of a field measurement campaign carried out inside a pedestrian tunnel at 24 GHz in two conditions, namely, empty tunnel scenario and busy tunnel scenario with pedestrian movement. The experiment measures the fading effects of various groups of pedestrian crowds using directional antennas at the transmitter and receiver for millimeter-wave radio communications. Having presented and analyzed the measurement data in several diverse scenarios, we have further investigated human scattering effects in the crowded pedestrian tunnel and performed ray-tracing simulation for an empty pedestrian tunnel condition. Because tunnel is an enveloped scenario that is not bound by any geographic areas, the results of this study can be applied to a wider scenario like other pedestrian tunnels across the globe. Above all, these findings contribute towards ensuring wireless connectivity for everyone even in a remote scenario like underground passages.

Highlights

IN a modern society, people are constantly on the move – in the air, on the ground, across the ocean, through the underground passageway, and on foot
In this project, we studied the propagation environment of a pedestrian tunnel in Kuala Lumpur at 24 GHz – an unlicensed band in Malaysia
Our findings suggest that pedestrian movements affect the signal very much at the millimeter wave bands

Summary

INTRODUCTION

IN a modern society, people are constantly on the move – in the air, on the ground, across the ocean, through the underground passageway, and on foot. The main objective of using the second style of measurement is to observe human effects on signals inside the pedestrian tunnel at the mm-waves. In all cases, both the Tx and Rx antenna heights are 1.52 m for verticalvertical (VV) polarization. The standard deviation at the three different fixed distances, i.e. 20 m, 50 m, and 90 m are computed as 0.14 dB, 0.37 dB, and 0.44 dB respectively, and these values can be used as fading margin for network planning considering the crowd effects There was another variation that we have attempted, that was to raise the Tx to 1.926 m but kept the Rx at 1.52 m, and yet moved the Tx from the center to the right-hand side of the pedestrian tunnel.

Standard Deviation Values

CONCLUSION