Promising Trends in the Development of Rural Settlement Architecture — the Trend Towards Eco-Settlements

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the architecture of eco-settlements. The relevance is due to the fact that the trend towards eco-settlements is one of the promising directions in the development of rural settlement architecture. This is due to the growing recognition of the need to develop sustainable, self-sufficient communities capable of meeting their own energy, food and water needs while minimizing their environmental impact. Eco-settlements are designed to be compact, comfortable for walking and integrated with the surrounding nature. As a rule, they feature buildings built using locally renewable materials and designed in such a way that they are energy efficient and low-cost. Renewable energy sources such as solar panels and wind turbines are used to provide residents with electricity. In such settlements, attention is paid to the social interaction of residents, community involvement through the use of public spaces, public gardens and other amenities. In the course of the work, the world experience was summarized and general trends were identified. It is concluded that the functional typology of settlements is a reflection of the foundations of its existence. It reflects the peculiarities of the industrial activity of the population, the role and place of the territory in the local economy, etc. The historical features of the emergence and development of rural settlements, the cultural traditions of the inhabitants, and the geographical characteristics of the area have an impact on the modern appearance. In general, the trend towards the spread of eco-settlements represents a promising step torward in the development of rural settlement architecture. By prioritizing sustainable development, self-sufficiency and community engagement, eco-settlements help to rethink what it means to live in a rural community in the 21st century.